The Database API

Introduction

The same information as provided by the The Map URL API is provided in machine readable form using URLs like this:

 http://map.cam.ac.uk/v5.json?q=search[&partial=yes]
 http://map.cam.ac.uk/v5.json?bb=boundingbox&z=zoom
 http://map.cam.ac.uk/v5.json?ref=ref>
 http://map.cam.ac.uk/v5.json?inst=inst

with the same interpretation as in The Map URL API (note that one=list is not relevant in the q= and bb= variants, and the simple name variant is not available to the API - just use http://map.cam.ac.uk/v5.json?q=name).

An additional option ?limit=limit is also available on the ?q and ?bb forms which limits the number of results returned to the number given. For example

 http://map.cam.ac.uk/v5.json?q=saint&limit=15

Also, there is another query type available to the database API not available when using a consumer URL. ?alpha=letter will provide an alphabetically ordered listing of the entire index for that letter. This is used as the basis for the directory page and other alphabetic listings. Please cache the results of this search so that it does not place an unwarranted load on the database. You can also filter by type, for example:

 http://map.cam.ac.uk/v5.json?alpha=s&filter=college

The 'v5' is a version number, allowing for potential backward compatibility if we change the spec at some point in the future. Only v5 is recognised for now.

The 'json' part indicates the results are provided in JSON format. We may produce other formats in future, in which case URLs such as http://map.cam.ac.uk/v5.xml?... would be introduced, but for the time being, only JSON is supported.

The result is a JSON array:

[ { "type": type0, ... }, { "type": type1, ... }, ... ]

where each object in the array is an entity matching the request. If there are no results, an empty array is produced. If there is only one result, it is still provided as an array (of one object), not as just the object. Note also that requests by inst and ref may also yield more than one result. For inst, this reflects an institution's multiple locations and for entrances this reflects an alternate entrance (for example, some residence staircases have access on both sides of a building).

The content of the rest of each object depends on:

• type
• what information is available for each result
• whether the request was a search (q=... or name) or direct look up (ref or inst URLs)

type is one of:

error
institution
site
college
building
entrance
nonuniversity
street
more

Error reports

If type is error, then the http request will also return an appropriate status code, typically 400 indicating the request is malformed (wrong combination of query parameters, for example) or 404 (api version or format not implemented for example). The consumer should also be prepared to handle other HTTP errors generated by the server which will not provide JSON data (500 for example). Apart from these, all correctly formed requests will generate status 200. Note that this includes requests with no results (which produce an empty array).

Note also that if you mis-spell 'v5.json' (for example, say you incorrectly use a capital V), then the URL may be interpreted as the end-user form M:/name so you would get a stream of HTML!

Entity structure

Contents of JSON objects representing entities found are as follows, by type.

In general, each request includes information about things linked to each result: the buildings for an institution, the entrances to a site and so on. This referencing only applies one level deep: those parts are excerpted: they do not themselves contain further entities to which they refer. If you need these, you would have to request the content by ref or inst from the parent. The fields omitted in the second level are indicated with an asterisk in the tables that follow.

error

key	value		notes
type	error
code	the HTTP status code	int
error	text describing the error	string

more

key	value		notes
type	more		When the number of results is limited by ?limit=limit, the last element in the array of results may indicate "more", that there are more results that could be found but the limit was reached. Because certain results are redacted in some circumstances, note that the number of elements in the array may be fewer than limit+1 even if the limit is reached. "more" is not included if all the available results are returned. There isn't any way to page through the results: the search needs to be made more specific.

institution

key	value		notes
type	institution
inst	the institution code of the entity	string
role	kind of institution	string, one of: college academic admin nonacademic mrc library museum lecture
prefix	the name prefix	string	for example, 'Department of', 'Centre for'
name	the substantive part of the institution name	string	for example, 'Geography'. This is the field to sort on for alphabetically ordered institutions
suffix	the name suffix	string	often an acronym or former name, which would often be presented in parentheses. For example, when name is 'Advanced Photonics and Electronics', prefix is 'Centre for ' and suffix would be 'CAPE'. The whole might be presented as 'Advanced Photonics and Electronics (CAPE), Centre for' or 'Centre for Advanced Photonics and Electronics (CAPE)'
parent*	when the entity is subsidiary to another, this is the name of the parent entity	entity	for example the faculty of a department
locations*	information about the geographical buildings or sites associated with the institution	array of building/site/college objects	Each location is a further object of the appropriate type, but with a subset of the information (for example, it doesn't contain institutions - see note above). For example [ { "lat": 52.2103, "lon": 0.1234, "ref": "SEL", "name": "Selwyn College", "primitive": "w", "id": 1234567 } ]
entrances*	information about the entrances (to site and buildings) associated with the institution	array of entrance objects	similar to locations
zoom	suggested zoom level at which the entity would be best presented (on its own)	int
options	arbitrary space separated tokens indicating arbitrary options	string
sd	the subdomain of the entity	string	e.g. "lucy-cav"
info	contact information (etc)	array of objects (see below)	for example: [   { "type": "address", "address": [     {"type": "street", "street": "St Andrew's Street"},     {"type": "place", "place": "Cambridge"},     {"type": "postcode", "postcode": "CB2 3BU"}],   { "type": "phone", "phone": "+44 1223 334900" },   { "type": "fax", "fax": "+44 1223 334901" },   { "type": "phone", "phone": "+44 1223 334902", "role": "Porter's Lodge"},   { "type": "email", "email": "admissions@christs.cam.ac.uk" }   {"type": "url", "url": "http://www.christs.cam.ac.uk/" },   {"type": "url", "url": "http://www.cam.ac.uk/admissions/undergraduate/colleges/christs/", "role": "Undergraduate Prospectus Entry" },   {"type": "founded", "founded": "1870" } ] Note that all this contact information relates to the entity concerned. Subordinate entities will have their own contact information if relevant.
sortasvia	when result matched via an AKA field (see below) or from a role, the index of the info element which it matched against	integer

Fields common to all geographical objects

The remainder are all geographical objects and share the following common fields:

key	value		notes
type
ref	the reference of the entity	string	e.g. "H/FORVIE"
name	the name of the entity (assuming it has one)	string	e.g. "Forvie Site", "Austin Building"
lat	the latitude of a representative position of the entity	float
lon	the longitude of a representative position of the entity	float
zoom	suggested zoom level at which the entity would be best presented (on its own)	int
primitive	whether the building was dericved from an OSM way ("w") or node ("n")	string (either "w" or "n")	primitive and id can be used together to form a link to the OSM browser, as in http://osm.org/browse/way/1234567
id	the OSM id of the node from which the entrance was derived	int	sites are always areas (ways) in OSM

site

key	value		notes
type	site
parent*	when the site is a sub-site, this is the main site	site object	for example object for "Cambridge Biomedical Campus" when name is "Forvie Site"
entrances*	to the site	array of entrance objects	see above

college

key	value		notes
type	college		This is the geographical entity for a college site or sub-site, not the institutional information which is an inst. This is very similar to site.
parent*	when the college item is a subsidiary site, the main site	college object	e.g. object for "Magdalene College" when site is ref MAGD/CRIPPS
entrances*	as for inst	array of entrance objects	see above
institution*	the institution information associated with this college area	institution object

building

key	value		notes
type	building
parent*	site/college in which the building is situated	site/college object
entrances*	entrances of the building	array of entrance objects	see above
occupants*	occupants of the building	array of institution objects

entrance

key	value		notes
type	entrance		entrances apply to sites and colleges as well as buildings. Note, entrances are always derived from OSM node entities.
parents*	buildings and/or sites/colleges to which this entrance gives access	array of building/site/college objects	note that a few entrances give access to university properties on either side; also occasionally an entrance to a building isn't actually part of the building footprint.
occupants*	institution codes of the institutions that gain access by this entrance	array of string	e.g. ["met", "cs"]. OK, you don't exactly "occupy" an entrance, but consistent with buildings
direction	the direction of a normal to the parent building/site/college at an entrance, in degrees between -180 and 180 measured anticlockwise from the east (positive x axis) pointing away from the building	float	the direction can be used to orient an overlaid arrow pointing to the entrance.
user	some or all of the letters "fbvg"	string	standing for "foot", "bicycle", "vehicle" and "goods" respectively, indicating the class or classes of users which can use the entrance.
door		boolean	whether this entrance is the door to a buiulding (true) or a gate to a site (false)

nonuniversity

key	value		notes
type	nonuniversity
role	what kind of thing this is	string	e.g. "hotel"

street

key	value		notes
type	street		no additional fields other than the common ones

Contact information

Contact information for institutions and colleges is grouped into an array of items each of which may be repeated and qualified as necessary. For example, multiple phone numbers with descriptions of what each is for. Note that these all relate to the entity concerned. Subordinate entities will have their own contact information if relevant, so addresses, phone numbers etc. for child institutions should not be given as alternate addresses within the same info array.

key	value
person	string	primary contact named individual, for example "Prof. John Doe".
title	string	primary contact title, for example "The Bursar", where useful for more personal addressing.
address	array of objects (see below)	what the address is for, assumed to be the primary address if not described.
phone	string	in the international form +44 1223 33nnnn
fax	string	ditto
email	string
url	string	complete, including the http://
founded	int	(colleges only) year of foundation
logo	string	url of image which is used to brand the institution
twitter	string
facebook	string
AKA	string	another name or search term by which the institution is known. Unlike other info fields, the value of this info item is (usually) added to the search index. This may be used in different ways according to the accompanying options. An "xm" option excludes the entry from the paper map (this might be a very old name, for example, which you want search results to hit, but not include in an up-to-date static map). "xw" excludes it from the web site searches and presentation, but includes it in the paper map and other alphabetic listings. "xd" excludes it from presentation (the user doesn't see it), but includes it in the index. Additionally when a ?q returns a result via a match on an AKA, the top level structure contains 'viaaka', the index of the info element which it matched against. This is so that you can tell the user if you want to why their search matched when it doesn't appear to match the main entry name.

Contact information qualifiers

Each of these objects may also contain qualifying information as follows:

key	value
role	string	description of what the contact information will be used for. If omitted, assumed to be the primary contact information of this type. For URLs this would typically be used for the link text rather than displaying the URL itself. For others it would serve as a caption.
options	string	arbitrary space separated string of options (meanings client dependent)

Addresses

Addresses are further subdivided so that they can be presented linearly, in "label" form or as a VCARD etc, by combining the elements with suitable punctuation and markup, and also cross-linked where appropriate - for example the street element could be linked with the URL http://www.cam.ac.uk/streetname to jump to the map for the street name. These should be used in order when presenting an address.

key	value
location	int	a number indicating that this address refers to the corresponding location in the list of locations. Not all addresses need refer to a location (e.g. a PO Box), and not all locations need have a corresponding address. But when they do, the correspondence may be used to disambiguate locations occupied by the institution. Numbering starts at 1, not zero!
maildrop	string	for parts of an address such as a room number or a PO Box number
building	string	name of building
number	string	location on a street, e.g. "42a"
site	string	e.g. "Lords Bridge", "New Museums Site"
street	string	e.g. "Downing Place"
street2	string	occasionally a second street is part of the address
smallplace	string	where place is a local village
place	string	usually "Cambridge"
county	string	rarely needed
postcode	string
address	string	the complete address laid out linearly, only provided in the absence of all of the other fields to allow for addresses which have not been structured yet

Some examples:

• Hamilton Kerr Institute:
  [ {"street": "Mill Lane"}, {"smallplace": "Whittlesford"}, {"place": "Cambridge"}, {"postcode": "CB22 4NE"} ]
• Division of Anaesthesia
  [ {"maildrop": "Box 93"}, {"maildrop": "Level 4"}, {"site": "Addenbrooke's Hospital"}, {"street: "Hills Road"}, {"place": "Cambridge"}, {"postcode": "CB2 2QQ"} ]
• Department of Anglo-Saxon, Norse and Celtic
  [ {"number": "9"}, {"street: "West Road"}, {"place": "Cambridge"}, {"postcode": "CB3 9DP"} ]
• Cambridge Centre for Brain Repair
  [ {"building": "E. D. Adrian Building"}, {"site": "Forvie Site"}, {"street": "Robinson Way"}, {"place": "Cambridge"}, {"postcode": "CB2 0PY"} ]

There are very few real-world coordinates in the database (it doesn't, for example, include building outlines). But this information is available from the OSM API by reference to the OSM id in the 'id' field of all geographic entities.

For building outlines, the OSM API supports:

 http://osm.org/api/0.6/way/<ID>
 http://osm.org/api/0.6/way/<ID>/full
 http://osm.org/api/0.6/way/<ID>/relations

Note however that a building doesn't have to be just a single closed way, since it can have have holes in the area. These are handled as OSM "multipolygons". In essence, there is an outer way plus a number of inner ways

For example, Churchill West Court (ref CHU016, http://preview.map.cam.ac.uk/v5.json?ref=CHU016&debug=1). The Map API tells you it is a way with id 148247888 and you can plug it into the OSM API thus

 http://www.openstreetmap.org/api/0.6/way/148247888/full

returning

<osm version="0.6" generator="OpenStreetMap server">
<node id="1613469175" lat="52.2128314" lon="0.1013427" version="1" changeset="10553242" user="davidearl" uid="3582" visible="true" timestamp="2012-01-31T20:37:02Z"/>
<node id="1613469065" lat="52.2127198" lon="0.101803" version="1" changeset="10553242" user="davidearl" uid="3582" visible="true" timestamp="2012-01-31T20:36:58Z"/>
...
<nd ref="1613469175"/>
<nd ref="1613469065"/>
...
<tag k="amenity" v="university"/>
<tag k="building" v="yes"/>
<tag k="name" v="West Court"/>
<tag k="operator" v="Churchill College (University of Cambridge)"/>
<tag k="ref" v="CHU016"/>
</way>
</osm>

and http://www.openstreetmap.org/api/0.6/way/148247888/relations gets

<osm version="0.6" generator="OpenStreetMap server">
<relation id="1999559" visible="true" timestamp="2012-01-31T20:40:32Z" version="1" changeset="10553242" user="davidearl" uid="3582">
<member type="way" ref="148247888" role="outer"/>
<member type="way" ref="148248147" role="inner"/>
<tag k="type" v="multipolygon"/>
</relation>
</osm>

telling you it is a multipolygon outer, and giving the info to traverse to the inner as above.

Credits

The contents of the database are copyright University of Cambridge © 2012. Permission is granted for reasonable use of this data via the published APIs in support of mapping and related services in connection with the University. Please credit this use "University data copyright University of Cambridge, used with permission. Data provided and managed by the University Computing Service". Where possible, please link 'University of Cambridge' to http://www.cam.ac.uk/ and 'University Computing Service' to http://www.ucs.cam.ac.uk/.